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中国的改革是中央政府权力不断下放和分解、市场主体逐渐培育、多元化权力结构逐步形成的过程。微观层面上的改革表现为对于农民、个体工商户、私营经济的“放权创利”、对国有企业的“放权让利”的过程;中观层面上的改革表现为地理区域上的“点”、“线”、“面”的放权路径及中央与地方财政分权分利的过程。改革过程中出现诸多问题的根本原因在于不同权力主体尤其是行政权力界限不清、越界“争权”所致。所以,下一步改革应该在对行政权力、经济权力、社会权力三种权力边界清晰界定的基础上,建立以中国共产党为轴心的多元均衡的权力结构。这样,才能保证改革的和谐性和持续性,实现全面建成小康社会的目标。
China’s reform is a process of gradual decentralization and decomposition of central government power, gradual cultivation of market players and the gradual formation of a diversified power structure. At the micro level, the reform shows the process of “decentralization and profit creation” for peasants, individual industrial and commercial households and the private economy, and “decentralization and profit sharing” for state-owned enterprises. The reform on the medium-level level is characterized by “Point ”, “line ”, “surface ” of the delegation of power path and the central and local fiscal decentralization process. The root cause of many problems in the process of reform lies in the unclear boundaries between different power subjects, especially the administrative power and the result of “cross-border” “power struggle”. Therefore, the next step of reform should establish a pluralistic and balanced power structure with the Chinese Communist Party as its axis on the basis of a clear definition of the three types of power boundaries: administrative power, economic power and social power. Only in this way can we ensure the harmony and continuity of the reform and achieve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way.