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生物经济是由生物技术高度产业化推动的人类历史上将达到的第四次经济浪潮,当前我们正处于生物经济的成长阶段。生物经济具有资源依赖性强,产品多样化但垄断性差,生物技术通用性强的显著特点。生物技术产业的崛起将促进新经济发展,对农业、工业、医药、环境保护、新能源开发以及生物战剂的抵御能力产生重要影响。通过总结生物经济的发展态势及现状,指出我国发展生命科学与生物技术的成果和面临的问题,探讨发展对策,以期为推动生命科学和生物技术产业化提供参考。
The bioeconomy is the fourth wave of humankind in the history of humankind promoted by the high industrialization of biotechnology. At present, we are at a stage of bio-economic growth. Bioeconomy with resource-dependent, diversified products but poor monopoly, biotechnology versatility of the salient features. The rise of biotechnology industry will promote the development of new economy and have a significant impact on the resilience of agriculture, industry, medicine, environmental protection, new energy development and biological warfare agents. By summarizing the development trend and status quo of bioeconomy, it points out the achievements and problems faced by our country in developing life sciences and biotechnology, and discusses the development strategies so as to provide a reference for promoting the industrialization of life science and biotechnology.