论文部分内容阅读
由于聚乙烯醇(PVA)分子链中大量存在的亲水性羟基基团,导致PVA在水中的溶胀较大,限制了PVA膜的应用。因此,对PVA的交联改性处理是提高其抗溶胀性能的基本方法。笔者对PVA膜常用的冷冻、加热处理、辐照、和化学交联等改性方法进行了综述,并对几种交联改性方法的优缺点进行了分析。此外还详细介绍了PVA改性膜在渗透汽化、超滤、纳滤、反渗透等方面的应用。
Due to the large number of hydrophilic hydroxyl groups present in the molecular chain of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), the swelling of PVA in water is large, which limits the application of PVA film. Therefore, the crosslinking modification of PVA is to improve the anti-swelling properties of the basic method. The author reviewed the commonly used methods of freezing, heat treatment, irradiation and chemical crosslinking of PVA films, and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of several crosslinking methods. In addition, the application of PVA modified membrane in pervaporation, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis is also introduced in detail.