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摘要[目的]研究从枳椇中提取总黄酮。[方法]采用微波辅助萃取技术,应用自制的压力萃取器,通过单因素试验和响应面试验方法优化工艺参数。[结果]确定了最优工艺参数为微波功率840 W、乙醇水溶液浓度52%、萃取时间54 s、液固比9.4 ml/g、浸泡时间1 h和颗粒粒径在此条件下,总黄酮萃取率为98.05%。建立了以萃取率为响应值,微波功率、乙醇水溶液浓度、萃取时间和液固比为影响因素的二次多项回归方程,该模型与试验结果十分吻合。[结论]建立的数学模型和优化的工艺参数可用来预测不同工艺条件下的总黄酮萃取率,为中试和工业化生产提供理论依据。
关键词枳椇;微波辅助萃取;总黄酮;乙醇
中图分类号S567文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2014)21-06990-03
Research on Microwave assisted Extraction of Total Isoflavones from Pueraria Lobata
MEI Xindong et al(Chemical Industry School of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330012)
Abstract[Objective] The research aimed to study the extraction of total isoflavones from pueraria lobata. [Method] The extraction was carried out by microwaveassisted extraction technology using the selfmade pressure extractor through single factor test and response surface test methods.[Result]The optimal process parameters were determined to be: microwave power 840 W, ethanol aqueous solution concentration 52%, extraction time 54 s, liquidsolid ratio 9.4 ml/g, immersion time 1 h and particle size 2.5×10-4 m. Under the optimal conditions, the extraction rate of total isoflavones reached 98.05%.The quadratic polynomial regression equation with extraction rate as the response value and microwave power, ethanol aqueous solution concentration, extraction time and solidliquid ratio as influencing factors was established, which was in good agreement with the experimental results. [Conclusion]The established model and obtained optimal process parameters can be used to predict the extraction rate of total isoflavones at various process conditions and provide the theoretical basis for the pilot and industrial production.
Key wordsPueraria lobata; Microwaveassisted extraction; Total isoflavones; Ethanol
为鼠李科拐枣属植物,其果实既是名果之一,也是稀罕的药用食用果品,属养阴、生津、润燥、止渴、凉血类药物。黄酮类化合物是枳椇子的主要化学成分之一。近年来,随着枳椇子药理作用的深入研究和推广应用[1-2],从枳椇子中提取总黄酮的研究越来越受到人们的重视[3-6]。传统的萃取方法时间长、能耗大、效率低,经济效益不明显。因此如何高效率提取枳椇黄酮类化合物是当前研究的一大课题。微波辅助萃取技术具有选择性强、快速、节能、污染小等优点,是目前从天然植物中提取有效成分最青睐的新分离技术之一[ 7 ]。该试验利用自制的压力萃取器,采用微波辅助乙醇水溶液萃取技术,通过单因素试验和响应面试验方法从枳椇中提取总黄酮,优化工艺参数,并建立萃取率与工艺参数相关联的数学模型,用以预测不同工艺条件下的总黄酮萃取率。
1材料与方法
3结论
参考文献
[1] 黄雯,林富聪,张庆美.珍稀树种枳椇研究现状与应用前景[J].福建热作科技,2010,35(3):44-48.
[2] 李欢,张德志.枳椇属植物中的化学成分及提取技术研究进展[J].亚太传统医药,2010,6(11):172-174.
[3] 胡志林,刘文娜,张永军.枳椇子中总黄酮提取工艺研究[J].中成药,2004,26(12):1065-1067.
[4] 张会香,杨世军,张静.枳椇子总黄酮提取工艺及其解酒作用[J].食品与生物技术学报,2006,25(3):84-87.
[5] 蒋柏泉,胡淑份,范杰平,等.微波辅助加压浸取枳椇中总黄酮[J].南昌大学学报:工科版,2010,32(1):1-5.
[6] 赵婷,高秀璐,赵鸿昆,等.枳椇总黄酮提取工艺的正交设计研究[J].吉林医药学院学报,2014,35(1):21-23.
[7] 胡淑芬,陈蓝静,蒋柏泉.微波辅助萃取从大豆中分离异黄酮工艺[J].南昌大学学报:工科版,2010,32(4):376-380.
[8] 陈敏恒,丛德滋,方图南,等.化工原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006.安徽农业科学,Journal of Anhui Agri. Sci.2014,42(21):7011-7013,7016
3结论
以松花粉水分和产量为指标,分别对旋转闪蒸气流干燥的进风温度、出风温度和物料温度进行了单因素考察,最后用DesignExpert8.0.6的BoxBehnken试验对松花粉气流干燥工艺进行三因素三水平试验,并优选出最佳的工艺条件。结果表明,旋转闪蒸气流干燥松花粉的最优工艺为进风温度155 ℃、出风温度65 ℃、物料温度为50 ℃、干燥时间为1 h;利用该工艺获得的松花粉其萌发率80%以上,其蛋白质、总黄酮、不溶性膳食纤维、胆碱符合产品标准。
关键词枳椇;微波辅助萃取;总黄酮;乙醇
中图分类号S567文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2014)21-06990-03
Research on Microwave assisted Extraction of Total Isoflavones from Pueraria Lobata
MEI Xindong et al(Chemical Industry School of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330012)
Abstract[Objective] The research aimed to study the extraction of total isoflavones from pueraria lobata. [Method] The extraction was carried out by microwaveassisted extraction technology using the selfmade pressure extractor through single factor test and response surface test methods.[Result]The optimal process parameters were determined to be: microwave power 840 W, ethanol aqueous solution concentration 52%, extraction time 54 s, liquidsolid ratio 9.4 ml/g, immersion time 1 h and particle size 2.5×10-4 m. Under the optimal conditions, the extraction rate of total isoflavones reached 98.05%.The quadratic polynomial regression equation with extraction rate as the response value and microwave power, ethanol aqueous solution concentration, extraction time and solidliquid ratio as influencing factors was established, which was in good agreement with the experimental results. [Conclusion]The established model and obtained optimal process parameters can be used to predict the extraction rate of total isoflavones at various process conditions and provide the theoretical basis for the pilot and industrial production.
Key wordsPueraria lobata; Microwaveassisted extraction; Total isoflavones; Ethanol
为鼠李科拐枣属植物,其果实既是名果之一,也是稀罕的药用食用果品,属养阴、生津、润燥、止渴、凉血类药物。黄酮类化合物是枳椇子的主要化学成分之一。近年来,随着枳椇子药理作用的深入研究和推广应用[1-2],从枳椇子中提取总黄酮的研究越来越受到人们的重视[3-6]。传统的萃取方法时间长、能耗大、效率低,经济效益不明显。因此如何高效率提取枳椇黄酮类化合物是当前研究的一大课题。微波辅助萃取技术具有选择性强、快速、节能、污染小等优点,是目前从天然植物中提取有效成分最青睐的新分离技术之一[ 7 ]。该试验利用自制的压力萃取器,采用微波辅助乙醇水溶液萃取技术,通过单因素试验和响应面试验方法从枳椇中提取总黄酮,优化工艺参数,并建立萃取率与工艺参数相关联的数学模型,用以预测不同工艺条件下的总黄酮萃取率。
1材料与方法
3结论
参考文献
[1] 黄雯,林富聪,张庆美.珍稀树种枳椇研究现状与应用前景[J].福建热作科技,2010,35(3):44-48.
[2] 李欢,张德志.枳椇属植物中的化学成分及提取技术研究进展[J].亚太传统医药,2010,6(11):172-174.
[3] 胡志林,刘文娜,张永军.枳椇子中总黄酮提取工艺研究[J].中成药,2004,26(12):1065-1067.
[4] 张会香,杨世军,张静.枳椇子总黄酮提取工艺及其解酒作用[J].食品与生物技术学报,2006,25(3):84-87.
[5] 蒋柏泉,胡淑份,范杰平,等.微波辅助加压浸取枳椇中总黄酮[J].南昌大学学报:工科版,2010,32(1):1-5.
[6] 赵婷,高秀璐,赵鸿昆,等.枳椇总黄酮提取工艺的正交设计研究[J].吉林医药学院学报,2014,35(1):21-23.
[7] 胡淑芬,陈蓝静,蒋柏泉.微波辅助萃取从大豆中分离异黄酮工艺[J].南昌大学学报:工科版,2010,32(4):376-380.
[8] 陈敏恒,丛德滋,方图南,等.化工原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006.安徽农业科学,Journal of Anhui Agri. Sci.2014,42(21):7011-7013,7016
3结论
以松花粉水分和产量为指标,分别对旋转闪蒸气流干燥的进风温度、出风温度和物料温度进行了单因素考察,最后用DesignExpert8.0.6的BoxBehnken试验对松花粉气流干燥工艺进行三因素三水平试验,并优选出最佳的工艺条件。结果表明,旋转闪蒸气流干燥松花粉的最优工艺为进风温度155 ℃、出风温度65 ℃、物料温度为50 ℃、干燥时间为1 h;利用该工艺获得的松花粉其萌发率80%以上,其蛋白质、总黄酮、不溶性膳食纤维、胆碱符合产品标准。