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目的:研究学龄前儿童骨密度变化情况以及其与环境、膳食等因素的关系。方法:对来该院进行就诊经家长同意参与研究的3~7岁儿童462例。对其进行骨密度检测,得出各年龄段的骨密度值进行比较。同时根据调查问卷研究环境因素、膳食因素对骨密度的影响情况。结果:学龄前儿童3~6岁的骨密度逐年升高,在6岁时达到最高,而6~7岁的骨密度则略呈下降趋势。环境因素的日照时间、活动时间、被动吸烟和睡眠情况以及膳食因素的挑食、蔬菜水果、奶制品、豆制品和碳酸饮料摄入情况均显著影响学龄前儿童骨密度(P<0.05)。结论:3~7岁学龄前儿童骨密度随年龄增长而增加,6岁时最高,且骨密度受到环境以及膳食因素的影响,需关注儿童此阶段的周围环境和膳食情况。
Objective: To study the changes of bone mineral density in preschool children and its relationship with environment, diet and other factors. Methods: A total of 462 children aged 3-7 years were enrolled in the study. The parents agreed to participate in the study. The bone mineral density was measured, and the bone mineral density values of all ages were compared. At the same time, according to the questionnaire to study the environmental factors, dietary factors on the impact of bone mineral density. Results: The bone density of preschoolers 3 ~ 6 years old increased year by year, reaching the highest at 6 years old, while the bone density of 6 ~ 7 years old decreased slightly. Environmental factors such as sunshine hours, activity time, passive smoking and sleeping conditions, and picky eaters with dietary factors, and the intake of fruits and vegetables, dairy products, soy products and carbonated drinks all significantly influenced the bone mineral density of preschool children (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Bone mineral density in preschool children aged 3-7 years increases with age and is highest at 6 years of age. BMD is influenced by environment and dietary factors, and needs to pay attention to the surrounding environment and diet of children at this stage.