解放以前,我国长期遭受帝国主义、封建主义和官僚资本主义的重重压迫和剥削,经济十分落后,人民生活极端困苦,因而结核病流行非常严重,它在当时人民疾病死亡中占首要地位。而据当时的调查,全国仅有各种结核病机构12处,病床600余张,结核科医师数十人。据1948年的材料,解放前只在上海、北京、天津、重庆四大城市中作了约七万人次的肺部健康检查,全国卡介苗接种不到一万人。这种情况一方面说明了在解放前的旧中国根本谈不上有什么结核病防治工作;另一方面也说明了在全国解放后,落在我们肩上的结核病防治的任务是十分艰巨的。 Before the liberation, our country had long been subjected to heavy oppression and exploitation by imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucratic capitalism. The economy was very backward and the people’s life was extremely distressed. As a result, the tuberculosis epidemic was very serious. It was the primacy of people’s disease deaths at that time. According to the investigation at the time, there were only 12 various TB institutions in the country, with more than 600 beds and dozens of TB physicians. According to the materials of 1948, before the liberation, only about 70,000 lung health examinations were conducted in the four major cities of Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, and Chongqing, and less than 10,000 people were vaccinated throughout the country. This situation shows on the one hand that before the liberation of old China, there was no TB prevention and control work at all; on the other hand, it also showed that after the liberation of the country, the task of preventing and treating tuberculosis that fell on our shoulders was very arduous.