中国传统文化与外国文化的大规模接触在历史上有两次：第一次是两汉、魏晋、隋唐时印度佛教文化的传入，它与中国传统文化相结合的产物便是宋明理学；第二次是明末清初利玛窦、汤若望等欧洲耶稣会士的东来。这次中西文化交流的意义在于：中国人第一次直接了解到水平已超过自己 The large-scale contact between Chinese traditional culture and foreign culture has twice in history. The first is the introduction of Indian Buddhism culture in the Han, Wei, Jin and Sui dynasties. The product of its integration with Chinese traditional culture is Song Ming neo-Confucianism. The second is the east end of the European Jesuits, such as Matteo Ricci and Tom Verum, in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. The significance of this cultural exchange between China and the West lies in the fact that for the first time, the Chinese have directly understood that their level has exceeded their own