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(一)古典政治经济学政治经济学理论是随着资本主义生产方式的产生和发展而相应地产生和发展起来的。对资本主义生产方式最早作出理论考察的是重商主义。重商主义是原始积累时期代表商业资本利益的经济学说,其主要代表人物有:托·孟(英国)、安·塞拉(意大利)、安·孟克列钦(法国)等。重商主义认为国家拥有的货币越多,它就越富裕;认为借助国家政权可以积累货币财富。晚期重商主义还认为,输出商品与输入商品的价值总额之间的差额越
(A) of the classical political economy Political economy theory with the emergence and development of capitalist mode of production and correspondingly generated and developed. The earliest theoretical study of the capitalist mode of production was mercantilism. Mercantilism is the economic theory that represents the interests of commercial capital during the primitive accumulation period. Its main representatives are Tuo Meng (Britain), Ann Serra (Italy) and Ann Mengchilech (France). Mercantilist believes that the more money the country owns, the richer it is; thinking that the state power can accumulate monetary wealth. Late mercantilism also believes that the difference between the output value and the total value of the input product