一中国所有制改革走到今天,出现“马陷淤泥河”的局面,原因是相当复杂的,甚至在极大程度上并不是所有制改革本身的现实逻辑所能充分解释的。相反,正是改革进程中的某些战略和策略的失误,加大了所有制改革的困难。只有对这些失误有一个清醒、明确的认识,才能真正理智、坚定地坚持所有制改革。笔者认为,造成目前这种困境的原因主要是两点:一是所有制改革的目标取向和战略选择失误:二是所有制改革理论的贫乏和实践的盲目。从人类社会的发展史来看,任何一种大的社会变革无非有两种目的或者说两种起因:一是要背叛某种东西、抛弃某种东西:一是要追求某种东西、实现某种东西。我国所有制改革的发动主要是一种消极的行为,在这一过程刚刚起步的时候,它不是要实现什么,而只是在公有制范围内的“修修补补”,企图缓解传统的计划经济体制和“一大二公”的种种弊端。对于将要走到哪里,其目标取向和策略选择却采取“走一步看一步”“摸着石头过河”。这就势必出现“旧的打破了,新的又没有建立起来”的局面。改革目标的选择既是一个实证的问题,又是一个规范的问题。特别是在现时的中国,它甚至在相当程度 Since China’s ownership reforms have come to the present day, there has been a “male-slumping river” situation. The reason is rather complicated, and even to a great extent it is not fully explained by the actual logic of the ownership reform itself. On the contrary, it is the mistakes in certain strategies and tactics in the reform process that have increased the difficulties of ownership reform. Only by having a sober and clear understanding of these mistakes can we genuinely and firmly persist in ownership reform. The author believes that the main causes of this current dilemma are two points: First, the goal orientation and strategic choice mistakes of the ownership reform: Second, the lack of theory of ownership reform and the blindness of practice. From the perspective of the history of the development of human society, any major social change has two purposes or two causes: one is to betray something and to discard something: the first is to pursue something and achieve something. Kind of thing. The initiation of ownership reform in our country is mainly a negative act. At the beginning of this process, it is not something to be achieved, but only a “repair” in the scope of public ownership in an attempt to ease the traditional planned economic system and “ The big ones and two bad guys. Regarding where to go, its goal orientation and strategy choices are to take a step-by-step approach and “cross the river by feeling the stones.” This will inevitably lead to a situation in which “the old broke, and the new one has not been established.” The choice of reform objectives is both an empirical issue and a normative issue. Especially in the present China, it is even to a considerable extent