第一次国内革命战争时期，陈独秀与共产国际在国共合作问题上存在分歧，他认为保护共产党的独立性是国共合作的前提，主张两党“平行合作”，反对“党内合作”的形式。随着国民党右派分子对国共合作的破坏，陈独秀主张共产党员退出国民党，为此与共产国际做了一定的抗争 During the first Revolutionary Civil War, Chen Duxiu and the Comintern disagreed on the cooperation between the KMT and the CPC. He believes that the protection of the independence of the Communist Party is a prerequisite for the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. It advocates “parallel cooperation” between the two parties and opposes “intra-party cooperation.” As the Kuomintang rightists destroyed the cooperation between the KMT and the CPC, Chen Duxiu advocated that the Communists should withdraw from the Kuomintang and that they must contend with the Comintern