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目的探讨不同临床亚型注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的依恋特点以及依恋与ADHD的关系。方法2006-05在济南和濮阳的5所小学2～4年级共2045人中用DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准进行筛查和诊断,对89例ADHD儿童与150例正常儿童实施儿童依恋量表测试,进行对照研究。结果ADHD组儿童的母亲依赖度、父亲依赖度、母亲亲近度、父亲亲近度及母子依恋和父子依恋总分均显著低于对照组(P<0.01),各临床亚型间,ADHD-C儿童母子依恋总分低于ADHD-H儿童,差异具有显著性(P<0.05);ADHD-I组儿童的父亲依赖度、父亲亲近度和父子依恋得分又显著低于母亲依赖度、母亲亲近度和母子依恋得分;父亲依赖度为ADHD的危险预示因子。结论ADHD儿童对父母依恋安全性低于正常儿童,且ADHD-C儿童的母亲安全性依恋最差;ADHD-I儿童的对父亲依恋安全性低于对母亲依恋安全性,父亲依赖度为ADHD的危险预示因子。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of attachment and the relationship between attachment and ADHD in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in different clinical subtypes. Methods A total of 2045 subjects from grade 2 to grade 4 in 5 primary schools in Jinan and Puyang were screened and diagnosed by DSM-Ⅳ diagnostic criteria. Children’s attachment scale test was performed on 89 ADHD children and 150 normal children. Control study. Results The ADHD group showed significantly lower dependence on maternal dependency, dependency on father, closeness of maternal parents, closeness of father, mother-child attachment and father-child attachment than those of control group (P <0.01). Among the clinical subtypes, ADHD-C children The total score of mother-child attachment was lower than ADHD-H children (P <0.05). The ADHD-I children’s father dependency, father’s closeness and father-child attachment scores were significantly lower than those of mother’s dependence, mother’s closeness and Mother-child attachment score; father dependency is a risk predictor of ADHD. Conclusion The safety of attachment of parents to parents in ADHD children is lower than that in normal children, and the attachment of mother to safety of ADHD-C children is the worst. The attachment safety to father is lower than that to mother attachment, and the dependency of father is ADHD Danger predictor.