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外资知识密集型制造业进入中国市场,对中国制造业升级转型起着一定的作用。本文围绕区域制度环境和区域吸收能力,探讨影响知识密集型企业进入方式的区域环境,旨在揭示知识密集型产业的外商进入方式的地理驱动机制,有利于加深理解在经济发展方式转型的时代背景下,区域与城市获得外生技术发展动力的机制。采用从1982-2014年德国在华投资企业数据库,结果发现,德国知识密集型制造企业在中国的投资呈现由沿海地区向内陆地区扩张、沿海中心城市向周边城市扩散的时空趋势,并且在1995年后,其进入方式从合资为主向独资为主转变。逻辑计量模型显示,德国知识密集型制造企业的进入方式受到多项区位因子的影响,其中地方人力资源水平和产业专业化水平是知识密集型制造企业选择以合资方式的进入中国市场的重要区位因素,表明区域知识吸收能力是形成全球—地方战略协同的关键变量;另一方面,实际使用外资存量和地方专利授权量这两个区位影响因素则会显著促成知识密集型制造企业采用独资的进入决策,反映了区域制度环境对吸引以知识产权保护为战略核心的知识密集型制造业的作用。
Foreign-funded knowledge-intensive manufacturing industry to enter the Chinese market, China’s manufacturing upgrading plays a role in the transformation. Focusing on regional institutional environment and regional absorptive capacity, this article explores the regional environment that influences the way of knowledge-intensive enterprises entering into. The purpose of this article is to reveal the geographical driving mechanism of foreign-invested way of knowledge-intensive industries. It is helpful to deepen the understanding of the background of economic development mode transition Under, the region and the city to obtain the driving force of exogenous technological development mechanism. Based on the database of German companies investing in China from 1982 to 2014, it was found that the investment of German knowledge-intensive manufacturing enterprises in China showed a time-space trend of expansion from inland areas to inland areas and the spread of coastal cities to surrounding cities. In 1995 Years later, its entry from the main joint-owned to wholly-owned change. The logical measurement model shows that the entry way for German knowledge-intensive manufacturing enterprises is affected by a number of location factors. The level of local human resources and the level of industrial specialization are the important locational factors for knowledge-intensive manufacturing enterprises to choose to enter the Chinese market through joint ventures , Indicating that regional knowledge absorptive capacity is the key variable in forming a global-local strategic synergy. On the other hand, the two regional influencing factors, namely, the actual use of foreign capital stock and the amount of local patent gravitation, will significantly contribute to the adoption of sole proprietorship decision-making by knowledge-intensive manufacturing enterprises , Reflecting the role of regional institutional environment in attracting knowledge-intensive manufacturing at the core of intellectual property protection.