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为了探究河蟹蟹种养殖模式对水环境的影响,于2012年6—10月,对上海松江泖港地区蟹种池塘和水源的水质进行了监测。结果表明,在整个养殖周期中,蟹种池CODMn不断增长,水源水的变化趋势为先增后减。在多数时段,水源水亚硝酸盐质量浓度高于蟹种池,但6月26日蟹种池反而显著高于水源水(p<0.05)。在整个监测过程中,水源水硝酸盐质量浓度均显著高于蟹种养殖池(p<0.05)。养殖前期,水源水磷酸盐质量浓度高于蟹种池;养殖后期蟹种池高于水源水,但均无显著差异(p>0.05)。台风过境后,水源水氨氮质量浓度达2.21 mg/L,磷酸盐质量浓度达0.467 mg/L,表明农田化肥水和地表径流可能是导致水源水体富营养化的重要原因。
In order to investigate the impact of crab and crab farming practices on the water environment, the water quality of the crab species ponds and water sources in Songjiang Harbor of Shanghai was monitored from June to October in 2012. The results showed that in the whole breeding cycle, the CODMn in the crab pool continued to increase, and the trend of water and source water increased first and then decreased. In most of the time periods, the nitrite concentration in tap water was higher than that in crab pools, but on June 26 it was significantly higher than tap water (p <0.05). During the whole process of monitoring, the nitrate concentrations in the source water were significantly higher than those in the crab breeding ponds (p <0.05). In the early stage of aquaculture, the concentration of phosphates in the source water was higher than that in the crabs; the latter was higher than the source water at the later stage of culture, but there was no significant difference (p> 0.05). After the typhoon transited, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the source water reached 2.21 mg / L and the mass concentration of phosphate reached 0.467 mg / L, indicating that farmland fertilizer and surface runoff may be the important reasons leading to the eutrophication of water bodies.