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作为维吾尔古文化史上的第一座文学丰碑,《福乐智慧》呈现出较为明显的戏剧特征,一些学者认为《福乐智慧》就是一部诗剧,并将其列入西域戏剧的哲理剧范畴,代表人物有郎樱、姚宝琛;但也有学者提出质疑,认为《福乐智慧》只是一部对话体的哲理长诗。本文则认为《福乐智慧》是具有戏剧与叙述诗两种文体特点兼而有之的作品,这一独特的文体特点在其与中国古典戏曲及西方叙述诗的比较中尤为鲜明。古代东方国家戏剧特点及西域佛教剧的影响是形成这一特点的重要原因。
As the first literary monuments in the history of Uyghur culture, “Happiness and Wisdom” shows more obvious characteristics of drama. Some scholars think that “Happiness and Wisdom” is a poem drama and it is included in the category of philosophical drama in Western Drama , Representative figures are Lang Ying, Yao Baochen; but some scholars questioned that “happiness” is just a philosophical poem of dialogue body. This paper argues that “Happiness and Wisdom” is a combination of both stylistic features of drama and narrative poetry. This unique stylistic feature is particularly evident in its comparison with classical Chinese operas and western narrative poetry. The characteristics of the drama in the ancient oriental countries and the influence of Buddhist drama in the Western Regions are the important reasons for the formation of this feature.