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市场因外部性、公共性、垄断等原因会发生失灵,需要规制者介入进行规制以提高市场运行效率。但是规制者在执行过程中也常常会出现失灵,其后果可能更甚于前者。所以,必须有一种制度安排来使两者的失灵最小,这正是规制理论研究解决的问题。本文在大量文献的基础上,通过对规制理论的演进过程进行梳理,并指出各个阶段理论的不足,为相关研究提供理论依据。
Market failure due to externalities, publicity, monopoly and other reasons, the regulator needs to intervene in regulation to improve market efficiency. However, regulators often fail in the implementation process, the consequences may be more than the former. Therefore, there must be a system of arrangements to minimize the failure of both, which is precisely the problem of regulatory theory to solve. On the basis of a large number of literatures, this essay sorts out the evolutionary process of regulation theory and points out the deficiencies of each stage theory, which provides a theoretical basis for the related research.