谷子起源于中国,世界各大洲均有分布。我国谷子种植面积和产量均占世界的90%以上,谷子品种资源数量、类型和多样性,早为世界所瞩目。一、谷子资源研究现状与进展 (一)资源收集与保存 50年代以前,我国没有谷子品种资源研究的专业机构和人员,数以万计的品种资源大部分散在农民手中。建国后开展全国性大规模农作物品种资源(原始材料)收集,据1958年统计,谷子仅在北方主产区12省(市、区)就收集到1.6万多个品种,分别保存于各级农业科研单位。这批材料为我国谷子品种资源研究和谷子育种打下了坚实的物质基础。在谷子品种资源收集整理过程中,根据场内试验、产区调查,淘汰了一部分重复的,有 Millet originated in China, all continents are distributed. China’s millet area and production are accounted for more than 90% of the world, the number of millet varieties, types and diversity of resources, as early as the world’s attention. I. Status and Progress of Research on Millet Resources (I) Collection and Preservation of Resources Before the 1950s, there were no specialized agencies and personnel in the research of millet variety resources in our country. Most of the tens of thousands of varieties were scattered in the hands of farmers. After the founding of the nationwide large-scale collection of crop resources (raw materials) collection, according to 1958 statistics, millet only in the northern main producing areas 12 provinces (cities, districts) collected more than 16,000 varieties, respectively, at all levels of agriculture Research institutes. These materials have laid a solid material foundation for the research on millet variety resources and millet breeding in our country. In the process of collecting and sorting the resources of millet varieties, according to the field test and the investigation of the producing areas, part of the duplicates are eliminated