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康德哲学是德国启蒙思潮的重要思想成就,他颠覆了传统形而上学和神学中超验存在者的客观实在性,代之以人类理性的绝对主体性的和本体论的地位。在这种语境中,《圣经》中道成肉身的耶稣形象演化为作为善的原则的定言命令式的拟人化理念,而耶稣基于神迹对人类的救赎方式转变为,人类借助于有限的神圣存在者的榜样力量的自我拯救。善的原则的这种理想人格化身与现实中不完善的人类意志之间的悬殊,不仅对应于《圣经》中上帝创造的两种人性的巨大反差,也开启了合目的性的自然历史进程。这就是人类从恶向善的道德进步过程,也是不完善的人类意志提升自身至完善存在者的历程。
Kant philosophy is an important ideological achievement of the German enlightenment trend. He subverts the objective reality of transcendental existence in traditional metaphysics and theology, and replaces it with the absolute subjectivity and the ontological status of human reason. In this context, the incarnate Jesus image in the Bible evolves as a definitive, impersonal anthropomorphic notion of good, and Jesus transforms man’s redemption based on miracles into a human Self-salvation of the example power of the divine beings. The disparity between this idealized personification of good principles and the imperfect human will in reality not only corresponds to the great contrast between the two humanities created by God in the Bible, but also opens the natural historical process of purposiveness. This is the process of moral progress of mankind from evil to goodness, and of imperfect human will to perfect himself.