论文部分内容阅读
卵泡的形成和分化是在激素、卵巢内调节因素以及细胞间相互作用的精密调控下发生的序贯过程。细胞增殖与凋亡的平衡在优势卵泡的筛选中发挥着重要作用。原始生殖细胞在生殖嵴内的迁移和归巢需要诸多因素的协同调控,包括卵母细胞源性多肽生长因子、生长分化因子9、骨形态发生蛋白、干细胞因子(stem cell factor,SCF)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(basic fibroblast growth factor,bFGF)、转录因子肾母细胞瘤蛋白1(Wilms’tumour 1,Wt1)等,同时这一过程还需要原始生殖细胞在逐渐成熟的性腺刺激下与细胞外基质蛋白、细胞基质进行相互作用。卵丘-卵母细胞复合体的形成以及排卵的发生直接受黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)的调控,同时需要卵巢颗粒细胞中丝裂原活化蛋白激酶的活化参与其中。本文将对卵泡发育和分化以及排卵过程中涉及的细胞间作用以及信号转导的关键分子做一综述,重点关注卵母细胞以及体细胞产生的信号因子。
The formation and differentiation of follicles is a sequential process that takes place under the fine regulation of hormones, ovarian regulatory factors, and cell-cell interactions. The balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis plays an important role in the screening of dominant follicles. The migration and homing of primordial germ cells in the genital ridge require the coordinated regulation of many factors, including oocyte-derived polypeptide growth factor, growth differentiation factor 9, bone morphogenic protein, stem cell factor (SCF), base Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transcription factor Wilms’ tumor 1 (Wt1) and so on. At the same time, this process also requires that primordial germ cells are stimulated by mature gonadal stimuli Extracellular matrix proteins, cell matrix interaction. The formation of cumulus-oocyte complexes and the occurrence of ovulation are directly regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH), and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in ovarian granulosa cells is required. This article reviews the key roles of cell-cell interactions and signal transduction involved in follicular development and differentiation as well as ovulation, with a focus on oocytes and somatic cell signaling.