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利用水稻柱头外露率差异极显著的亲本Ⅱ-32B和冈46B杂交,对亲本、F1和F2群体进行柱头外露率鉴定,F1柱头外露率介于高、低柱头外露率亲本Ⅱ-32B和冈46B之间;F2群体柱头外露率表现正态分布,说明柱头外露率是由多基因控制的数量性状。在498个F2单株群体中选择极端高柱头外露率和极端低柱头外露率的单株分别组成高、低柱头外露率池,利用914对SSR引物对其进行PCR扩增多态性检测结果发现,引物RM3437、RM31、RM3188、RM5310和RM3395在两亲本和两池间均检测到多态性;单标记分析法表明,第5染色体上的RM3437和RM31,第2染色体上的RM3188,第1染色体上的RM5310和第8染色体上的RM3395与柱头外露率呈极显著连锁关系,对该群体柱头外露率的贡献率分别为13.65%、13.62%、7.09%、4.63%和4.83%。第5染色体上的RM3437、RM31可能与同一个主效QTL连锁,该两标记可用于水稻高柱头外露率不育系的分子标记辅助选择育种。
The parental populations, F1 and F2 populations were identified with stigma exsertion using the highly differentiated parental lines Ⅱ-32B and Gang46B. The exserted stigma exsertion rate was high, and the low stigma exsertion rate was between the parents Ⅱ-32B and Gang 46B . The stigma exsertion rate of F2 population showed a normal distribution, indicating that stigma exsertion rate is a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. In 498 individuals of F2 population, the individuals with extremely high stigma exsertion rate and extremely low stigma exsertion rate were selected to form high and low stigma exsertion rate pools, respectively. Ninety-four pairs of SSR primers were used to detect the polymorphisms of these exonuclease pools by PCR amplification , Primers RM3437, RM31, RM3188, RM5310 and RM3395 detected polymorphisms between the two parents and two pools. Single marker analysis showed that RM3437 and RM31 on chromosome 5, RM3188 on chromosome 2, chromosome 1 RM5310 on chromosome 8 and stigma exsertion rate on chromosome 8 were significantly linked. The contribution rate to stigma exsertion rate was 13.65%, 13.62%, 7.09%, 4.63% and 4.83% respectively. RM3437 and RM31 on chromosome 5 may be linked with the same major QTL. These two markers can be used for molecular marker-assisted breeding of male sterile lines with high stigma exsertion rate in rice.