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目的掌握和评价公共交通职业场所空气卫生质量,找出卫生监督薄弱环节,为加强卫生管理提供依据。方法2014年6~10月选择长春市公共交通职业场所作为监测对象,对火车站候车室、汽车客运站空气卫生质量进行现场测试,并对监测数据进行统计学分析。结果长春市公共交通职业场所温度检测合格率是84.00%,火车站候车室(95.00%)高于汽车客运站(76.67%)(P<0.01)。挥发性有机物平均含量为(1.35±5.56)mg/m3,汽车客运站检测合格率为81.67%,高于火车站候车室65.00%(P<0.05);火车站候车室细菌总数为(338.20cfu/m3),低于汽车客运站473.50cfu/m3(P<0.05);汽车客运站有害物质氨检测合格率为68.89%,低于火车站候车室86.00%(P<0.01);可吸入颗粒物火车候车室合格率为81.67%,高于汽车客运站70.00%(P<0.01)。结论长春市公共交通职业场所空气卫生质量总体良好,但需加强环境卫生监督。
Objective To grasp and evaluate the quality of air hygiene in public transport occupations, find out the weak links in health supervision and provide the basis for strengthening health management. Methods From June to October of 2014, Changchun Public Transport Occupation Site was selected as the monitoring object to carry out on-site testing on the air hygienic quality of the waiting room and the bus terminal of the railway station. The monitoring data were statistically analyzed. Results The temperature passing rate of public transportation occupations in Changchun was 84.00%. The waiting room at the railway station (95.00%) was higher than that of the bus terminal (76.67%) (P <0.01). The average content of volatile organic compounds was (1.35 ± 5.56) mg / m3. The passing rate of the bus terminal was 81.67%, which was higher than 65.00% of the waiting room at the train station (P <0.05). The total number of bacteria in the waiting room at the train station was (338.20cfu / m3), which was lower than 473.50cfu / m3 (P0.05). The pass rate of ammonia detection of automobile hazardous materials was 68.89%, lower than that of train station waiting room 86.00% (P <0.01). Respirable particulate matter train Room pass rate was 81.67%, higher than the bus terminal 70.00% (P <0.01). Conclusions Air quality in public transport occupations in Changchun is generally good, but environmental sanitation supervision should be strengthened.