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烟的有害物质是烟碱(尼古丁)。烟碱对人的危害是多方面的,对运动员说来,不仅危害健康,而且还会严重地影响运动成绩的提高。如烟碱对横纹肌的影响是先兴奋后抑制,兴奋作用是极为短暂而轻微的,随后产生的抑制作用则是持久的,抽烟只会导致肌肉力量下降和运动成绩下降。另外,抽烟时不仅吸入尼古丁,也吸入大量一氧化碳和二氧化碳。一氧化碳进入血液后和身体中部分血红蛋白结合,就会降低身体中氧合血红蛋白的成分,输氧能力就下降。运动训练过程中的各种能量代谢靠氧进行,输氧能力下降,
The harmful substance of tobacco is nicotine (nicotine). Nicotine is harmful to people in many ways, to athletes, not only endangering health, but also can seriously affect the improvement of sports performance. Such as nicotine on striated muscle is the first excited after the inhibition, the excitement is extremely short and mild, then the resulting inhibition is long-lasting, smoking will only lead to decreased muscle strength and decreased exercise performance. In addition, smoking not only inhaled nicotine, but also inhaled a lot of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Carbon monoxide into the bloodstream and the body part of hemoglobin, it will reduce the body oxygenated hemoglobin composition, oxygen capacity decreased. During the exercise training, various kinds of energy metabolism rely on oxygen, oxygen reduction ability,