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存在主义与马克思主义在何种程度上能够被结合以及两者的综合能否有效,这需要对各自的理论要点进行梳理。存在主义主要坚持七个基本原则:即科学和现实都是荒谬的、模糊性宰制着存在本身、主体意识绝对优先于一切客观事物、通过摆脱决定论来解释和捍卫个体的自由、人类宿命论、现代社会是完全异化的以及对生存与死亡意义的追问。基于这些原则的分析,马克思主义则持有相对立的看法,即主张“客观的真实性”、“必然的确定性”、“人对社会的依赖性”、“道德的合历史性”、“历史进步的乐观主义”、“异化消除的历史唯物主义分析”以及“生存的实践性”。由此可以确定地指出,任何试图将存在主义与马克思主义强行嫁接的研究都是失效的,因为二者之间存在不可破除的理论屏障。
The extent to which existentialism and Marxism can be combined and the combination of the two can be effective requires a review of the respective theoretical points. Existentialism mainly insists on seven basic principles: that is, both science and reality are absurd. Ambiguity dominates the existence itself, the subjective consciousness absolutely takes precedence over all objective things, and the liberation of individual, the fatalism of mankind by extricating determinism, Modern society is totally alienated and questioning the meaning of existence and death. Based on the analysis of these principles, Marxism holds the opposite view that advocates “objective authenticity”, “necessary certainty”, “human dependence on society”, “morality” “Historical Materialism”, “Historical Optimism”, “Historical Materialism Analysis of Alienation and Elimination” and “Practicality of Survival”. From this we can conclusively point out that any attempt to forcibly marry Existentialism with Marxism is ineffective because there exists an irreparable theoretical barrier between the two.