随着有关教育公平、机会公平、结果公平、分配公平讨论的逐步升级,公平问题已成为我国社会经济生活中各界关注的重要焦点,而居民收入分配问题作为公平问题的一个方面,更受人关注。中国的居民收入分配经历了从平均主义大锅饭到实行“效率优先,兼顾公平”的分配原则。效率优先使得居民收入差距产生,这是不可避免的、也是有益的,但是,如果贫富差距过大,超出了合理区间和居民的承受能力,不但会破坏社会再生产所需的正常比例关系,挫伤劳动者的积极性,影响国民经济持续、健康发展,而且还会动摇社会主义信念,影响社会的安定团结。在建设有中国特色的社会主义事业中,防止贫富悬殊,是我们必须要重视的一大历史课题。现在,我国居民收入差距已经很大这已成为不争的事实,而且我国居民收入差距仍在呈现上升趋势。总体上说,目前我国居民收入差距仍处于可以接受的空间,尚未达到两极分化的程度,但负面影响日显突出,需要高度重视。本文针对我国居民收入差距现状,分析差距扩大的原因,以及收入差距对社会的影响,并提出相应的政策建议。 With the gradual escalation of discussions on equity in education, fair opportunities, fair outcomes and fair distribution, the issue of fairness has become an important focus of attention in all sectors of our socio-economic life. As one aspect of fairness, the issue of residents’ income distribution has drawn more attention . The distribution of income in China has gone through the principle of distribution from the egalitarianism to the principle of giving priority to efficiency while giving consideration to fairness. Efficiency inevitably leads to the generation of income inequality. This is inevitable and beneficial. However, if the gap between rich and poor is too large, beyond the reasonable range and the affordability of residents, it will not only undermine the normal proportion of social reproduction and dampen The enthusiasm of laborers affects the sustained and healthy development of the national economy, but also shakes socialist beliefs and affects the stability and unity of the society. In building socialism with Chinese characteristics, preventing the disparity between the rich and the poor is a major historical issue that we must attach importance to. Nowadays, it has become an indisputable fact that the income gap between residents in our country has become quite large. Moreover, the income gap between residents in our country is still on the rise. Generally speaking, at present, the income gap between residents in our country is still in an acceptable space and the degree of polarization has not yet been reached. However, the negative impact has become increasingly prominent and needs to be given high priority. This article aims at the current situation of residents’ income disparity in our country, analyzes the reasons for the widening disparity and the social impact of income disparity, and puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions.