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公务员的入口、任用和出口,是公务员制度链条上紧密相连的环节。而目前,公务员退出口径狭窄、出口不畅现象已成为我国公务员制度发展和深化的瓶颈。建立公务员退出的正常化机制是市场经济发展的必然产物,是解决目前我国公务员出口不畅的长久之策。解决公务员退出的正常化问题,最关键的是将市场机制引进其中,对公务员实行全员聘任制,彻底打破终身制和铁饭碗。与此同时,还应完善相关配套制度,如公务员职位新的分类制度、科学的考核制度以及具有社会性质的公务员失业保障制度等,为公务员退出的正常化铺平道路。
The entrance, appointment and export of civil servants are links that are closely linked to the civil service system. At present, the phenomenon of narrow exit of civil servants and poor export has become the bottleneck of the development and deepening of the civil service system in our country. Establishing a normalized mechanism for the withdrawal of civil servants is an inevitable result of the development of a market economy and a long-term solution to the current poor export of civil servants in our country. To solve the problem of normalization of civil servants’ withdrawal, the most crucial issue is to introduce the market mechanism into them and implement a full appointment system for civil servants to completely break the tenure system and the iron rice bowl. At the same time, related supporting systems should also be perfected, such as a new classification system for civil servants, a scientific examination system and a social security system for unemployed civil servants, paving the way for the normalization of civil servants’ withdrawal.