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在制定胃肠道肿瘤的手术方案和治疗计划时,准确评估肿瘤的浸润深度、淋巴结转移和远处转移情况至关重要。若低估肿瘤的临床分期可能导致切缘癌残留,或因术前漏诊远处转移而进行不必要的探查手术,而过分高估临床分期则会使原本可能根治切除的病例错误地接受姑息治疗而丧失治愈机会。NCCN指南推荐使用多种检查手段进行胃癌和结直肠癌的术前评估,如腹盆腔CT和胸部CT,内镜超声,经直肠超声,MRI,PET-CT等。由于单独采用任何一种影像检查均有技术局限性,故推荐综合应用多种检查手段以提高术前分期的准确性。
Accurate assessment of tumor depth of invasion, lymph node metastases and distant metastases is crucial when developing surgical options and treatment plans for gastrointestinal cancers. Underestimation of the clinical staging of the tumor may lead to residual margins of cancer or unnecessary exploration of the distant metastasis due to missed preoperative fluorosis. Excessive overestimation of the clinical staging may result in the palliative treatment being erroneously accepted by patients who may have undergone radical resection Loss of chance of cure. The NCCN guidelines recommend the use of various tests for preoperative evaluation of gastric and colorectal cancers such as abdominal pelvic CT and chest CT, endoscopic ultrasonography, transrectal ultrasound, MRI, PET-CT and the like. As a result of any kind of video inspection alone has technical limitations, it is recommended to use a variety of comprehensive inspection methods to improve the accuracy of preoperative staging.