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建立了针对空气系统强瞬变过程的控制方程及模块化仿真模型,该模型包括构成瞬态空气系统网络的4类基本元件:容腔元件、节点元件、管道元件和节流元件。上述基本元件及其组合单元的仿真结果与公开的文献数据能够较好的吻合,证明该模型能够模拟容积效应、惯性力作用占主导的强瞬变空气系统演化。在此基础上,仿真分析了某型航空发动机高压涡轮(HPT)轴断裂失效条件下的空气系统强瞬变过程。结果表明,涡轮轴的断裂失效能够引起空气系统内部复杂响应过程,并能导致涡轮盘所受的轴向力反向。该瞬态空气系统模型成功模拟了气流参数毫秒时间量级的动态响应,为深入研究航空发动机内部复杂空气系统的瞬变机理提供了有效的技术手段。
A control equation and a modular simulation model for the strong transient process of the air system are established. The model includes four basic components that constitute the transient air system network: cavity element, node element, pipe element and throttling element. The simulation results of the above basic elements and their combination units are in good agreement with the published literature data, which proves that this model can simulate the volume effect and the evolution of strong transient air system dominated by inertial force. On this basis, the transient transient process of the air system under the failure condition of a high-pressure turbine (HPT) shaft of an aero-engine is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the failure of the turbine shaft can cause complicated response in the air system and lead to the reversal of the axial force on the turbine disk. The transient air system model successfully simulates the dynamic response of airflow parameters on the order of milliseconds, which provides an effective technical means for further study on the transient mechanism of complex air systems in aeroengines.