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南疆塔里木盆地的天然胡杨林,是在干旱荒漠条件下形成的一种独特的森林类型,具有防风、固沙、护岸、调节气候、保护绿洲的重要作用,是“三北”防护林体系不可缺少的组成部分,又是南疆人民取材的主要基地。它的兴衰、存亡,与南疆绿洲的稳定,以及生产和人民生活休戚相关。过去由于对胡杨林的重要作用认识不足,在开发利用过程中,缺乏科学态度和全面规划,毁林开荒,截源断流,过度采伐、樵采、放牧等,导致资源面积锐减,生产力降低,生态条件恶化。
The natural Populus euphratica forest in the Tarim Basin in southern Tarim Basin is a unique type of forest formed under arid desert conditions. It has the important role of windbreak, sand fixation, bank protection, climate regulation and oasis conservation. It is an indispensable component of the “Three North” shelterbelt system Part, is also the main base for the people of southern Xinjiang. Its rise and fall, its survival, and the stability of the southern oasis, as well as production and people’s lives are closely related. In the past, due to lack of understanding of the important role of Populus euphratica, lack of scientific attitude and comprehensive planning, deforestation and land reclamation, cut-off of source and cutoff, excessive harvesting, firewood picking and grazing resulted in a sharp drop in resource area and a decrease in productivity, The deterioration of ecological conditions.