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发生在胃肠道的粘膜腺,即利贝昆氏隐窝(Crypts of Liberkuhn)深部的具有嗜银染色特性的基底颗粒状细胞(Kulchitsky细胞)的肿瘤,称为类癌。 Lubarsch 1888年发表了第一篇有关类癌的报道。但首先使用“Carcinoid”这个词的是七十年前的Oberndoter。当时是用以描述回肠的良性肿瘤,但很快就认识到Carcnoid不属良性而是一种恶性疾病。这种肿瘤的内分泌特性是在1949年才被认识的。1952年Biorch等人又对类癌综合征作了描述。据文献统计,全世界仅只胃肠道的类癌已报道了四千余例,但有关类癌综合征的报道不过一百余例。
Occurring in the mucosal glands of the gastrointestinal tract, tumors of basal granular cells (Kulchitsky cells) with silver-staining characteristics in the deep part of the Crypts of Liberkuhn are called carcinoids. Lubarsch published his first report on carcinoids in 1888. But first using the word “Carcinoid” was Oberndoter 70 years ago. At the time it was a benign tumor that was used to describe the ileum, but it quickly became clear that Carcnoid was not a benign but a malignant disease. The endocrine properties of this tumor were not recognized until 1949. In 1952, Biorch et al. described the carcinoid syndrome. According to literature statistics, only 4,000 cases of carcinoid tumors in the gastrointestinal tract have been reported in the world, but more than one hundred cases of carcinoid syndrome have been reported.