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为了解塔里木河下游生态输水量与地下水埋深多年响应变化过程,得出地下水埋深对生态输水的响应变化规律,以塔里木河下游英苏断面为研究区,运用定性与定量分析方法,综合考虑不同输水差异(包括零输水年即2008年、输水极少年即2009年、输水较多年2011年等),对2000-2015年英苏断面1 050 m范围内地下水埋深数据进行了分析。结果表明:研究断面内地下水埋深在各年份总体呈现比较平稳的递减趋势,年内个别月具有较大的增幅,另外由于冻土消融等因素影响,地下水埋深在2~3月有一定的增幅;离河较近区域的地下水埋深变化对生态输水的响应具有时间同步性,而离河道较远地区的地下水埋深在响应时间上存在滞后性,本研究断面1 050 m范围内地下水埋深响应时间维持在1 a内;经过多年生态输水过程,英苏监测断面距离河道约750 m范围内地下水平均埋深维持在2~6 m范围内,基本达到植物生长所需地下水埋深水平;另外,综合分析研究断面多年输水引起的地下水位响应过程,为获得生态输水过程所带来的最大生态效益,生态输水不仅要保持一定的输水量,还要保持输水年周期的连续性。
In order to understand the changing process of ecological waterlogging and groundwater depth for many years in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, the response of groundwater depth to ecological waterlogging was obtained. With the section of Yingsu section in the lower Tarim River as the research area, qualitative and quantitative analysis methods were used, Taking into account the differences in water conveyance (including zero water conveyance in 2008, minimum water conveyance in 2009, more water in 2011 and so on), the groundwater depth in the range of 1 050 m between 2000 and 2015 in the British Soviet Area Data was analyzed. The results show that the groundwater depth in the study section shows a relatively steady decreasing trend in all years, with a significant increase in individual months during the year. In addition, due to the influence of frozen soil ablation and other factors, the groundwater depth has a certain increase in February and March ; The change of groundwater depth in the area near the river has time synchronization with the response of ecological water conveyance, while the groundwater depth far away from the river channel lags behind the response time. In this study, groundwater buried in 1 050 m The deep response time is maintained within 1 year. After years of ecological water conveyance, the average buried depth of groundwater within the range of about 750 m from the river channel to the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union remains within the range of 2 to 6 m, basically reaching the groundwater depth required for plant growth In addition, the comprehensive analysis and study of the response process of groundwater level caused by multi-year water conveyance in the cross-section, in order to obtain the maximum ecological benefits brought by the ecological water conveyance, the ecological water conveyance not only needs to maintain a certain amount of water conveyance, but also keeps the year Continuity.