[例1] 男,4个半月,进行性苍白3个月,腹块一个月,咳嗽4d,1980年2月24日入院。体检;发育营养差,面色苍白明显,方头,无出血点;頜下及腹股沟浅表淋巴结米粒至绿豆大小数个,两肺呼吸音粗,心正常,肝助下6.5cm,剑突下5cm,质中,脾肋下4cm,质偏硬。红细胞253万/mm~3,血红蛋白8.5g/dl,红细胞大小不均,并见异形及泪滴状红细胞,白细胞2400/mm~3,中性粒细胞65％,淋巴细胞35％,有核红细胞10％。血小板3.2万/mm~3,网织细胞3.6％。骨髓穿刺仅获少量骨髓液。髓象示增生活跃,红细胞系统轻度增生。血清钙8.1mg/dl,血清磷6.8mg/dl,碱性磷酸酶115U(二乙醇胺法)。肝功能正常。X线检查示颅骨骨质密度增深(图1),胸骨和肋骨密度增深,髓腔消失,两侧前 [Example 1] Male, 4 and a half months, progressive pale 3 months, abdominal mass a month, cough 4d, February 24, 1980 admission. Physical examination; poor developmental nutrition, pale pale, square head, no bleeding; submandibular and inguinal superficial lymph nodes to mung bean size a few, both lungs breath sound coarse, normal heart, liver help 6.5cm, 5cm below the xiphoid , Quality, spleen ribs 4cm, qualitative hard. Erythrocytes 2.5 million / mm ~ 3, hemoglobin 8.5g / dl, uneven red blood cell size, and see the abnormal and teardrop-shaped erythrocytes, leukocytes 2400 / mm ~ 3, 65% of neutrophils, lymphocytes 35% 10%. Platelets 32,000 / mm ~ 3, reticulocytes 3.6%. Bone marrow puncture only a small amount of bone marrow fluid. Medulla marked hyperplasia, mild proliferation of red blood cell system. Serum calcium 8.1mg / dl, serum phosphorus 6.8mg / dl, alkaline phosphatase 115U (diethanolamine method). Liver function is normal. X-ray examination showed skull bone density deepening (Figure 1), sternal and rib density deepened, the marrow cavity disappeared, both sides of the front