文学创作挖掘人存在的意义,着眼于对主体性的探求。与此同时,文学批评的主体性也极为重要,在确立文学批评的根本性价值指向的基础上,对文学批评者自身的独立性和主体意识提出了很高要求。本文从作为创造主体的作家、作为文学对象主体的人物形象和作为接受主体的批评者的主体性三个方面入手,尝试分析德语文学中的主体性问题。 Literary creation excavated the significance of human existence, and focused on the exploration of subjectivity. At the same time, the subjectivity of literary criticism is also extremely important. On the basis of establishing the fundamental value orientation of literary criticism, it puts forward high demands on the literary critic’s own independence and subject consciousness. This article attempts to analyze the subjectivity in German literature from three aspects: the writer as the creative subject, the character as the subject of the literary object and the subjectivity of the critics as the accepting subject.