目的了解海南省2006～2010年疟疾的流行情况。方法选取海南省2006～2010年“中国疾病预防控制信息系统2.0”上报告的所有疟疾病例及相关信息,用描述流行病学方法对以上资料进行分析。结果 2006～2010年全省共报告疟疾病例9 847例,平均年发病率为23.63/10万;疟疾患病的男女比例约为3:1;疟疾病例以31～45岁年龄段最多,构成比为43.76%;疟疾病例主要以农民为主,占62.48%。结论海南省疟疾的防控措施得当,疟疾发病得到有效防控,自2006年以来疫情逐年下降。 Objective To understand the prevalence of malaria in Hainan Province from 2006 to 2010. Methods All malaria cases and related information reported in “China Disease Prevention and Control Information System 2.0” from 2006 to 2010 in Hainan Province were selected, and the above information was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 9 847 cases of malaria were reported in the province from 2006 to 2010, with an average annual incidence of 23.63 / 100 000. The malaria prevalence was about 3: 1 in males and females. The most frequent malaria cases were those aged 31-45 years, 43.76%; malaria cases mainly farmers, accounting for 62.48%. Conclusion The malaria prevention and control measures in Hainan Province are appropriate, and the incidence of malaria is effectively controlled. The epidemic situation has been declining year after year since 2006.