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一､ 词汇过关
1. agreement
【用法】 用作不可数名词,意为“同意;意见一致;协调;相合”｡例如:
We are in agreement with their decision. 我们同意他们的决定｡
There is little agreement about what to do. 对于应该做什么,大家几乎没有一致的意见｡
还可用作不可数名词,意为“契约;协议”｡例如:
You have broken our agreement by not doing the work you promised. 由于你没有做你答应做的工作,你已破坏了我们之间的协议｡
【搭配】 be in agreement with sth. 同意某事be in agreement with what sb. says. 同意某人所说的 be in agreement on / about / upon sth. 对某事意见一致 come to / arrive at / make an agreement with ... 与……达成协议
2. depend
【用法】 用作不及物动词,意为“依靠;信赖”,常与on或upon 连用｡例如:
All living things depend on the sun for their growth. 万物生长靠太阳｡
We can depend on his arriving here on time. 我们可以相信他会准时到来｡
That depends on how you deal with the problem. 这要看你如何处理那个问题了｡
【搭配】 depend upon it(口语)毫无疑问(常置于句前或句后当插入语)That depends.或It all depends.(口语)要看情况而定｡
3. press
【用法】 用作动词,意为“压;按;推”vi, vt. (push sth. strongly; push steadily against ...)
The children were pressing something with a stone. 孩子们在用石头压着某个东西｡
Just press this button, and you’ll start the engine.只要按一下这个按钮你便可启动这台发动机了｡
press用作动词,还可表示“熨;熨平”,相当于iron｡例如:
My wife was pressing a shirt when the telephone rang. 电话铃响时,我太太正在熨一件衬衫｡
I’ve pressed your trousers with the iron. 我用熨斗熨了你的裤子｡
用作名词,意为“印刷;出版社;(与 the 连用)新闻界;报纸杂志”｡例如:
The book is in press. 书在印刷中｡
This book will be published by Oxford University Press. 这本书将由牛津大学出版社出版｡
They held a strike last week for the freedom of the press. 他们上星期为了争取出版自由的权利而举行一次罢工｡
4. throughout
【用法】 用作介词,意为“遍及;贯穿”,用来引出时间及地点｡例如:
He is famous throughout the world. 他闻名于全世界｡
It rained throughout the night. 雨下了一整夜｡
用作副词,意为“到处;彻头彻尾”｡例如:
The building is painted green throughout. 这座建筑全部漆成了绿色｡
The timber is rotten throughout. 这块木料已整个腐烂了｡
5. remind
【用法】 用作动词,意为“to cause to remember; put in mind使想起;使记起;提醒”｡例如:
Please remind me to leave her this note.请提醒我留给她这张纸条｡
Please remind me that I must call her up before nine.请提醒我九点前给她打个电话｡
【搭配】 remind sb. of / about sb.(sth.) 使某人想起某人/某事;remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事;remind sb. that?鄄clause提醒某人某事/使某人想起某事｡例如:
Remind me to write to Mother. 提醒我给妈妈写信｡
This reminds me of her. 这使我想起了她｡
The film reminded him of what he had seen in China. 这部影片使他回想起他在中国所看到的一切｡
6. whatever
【用法】 whatever作连接代词,意为“无论什么;不管什么”,连接宾语从句､主语从句｡例如:
They eat whatever they can find.他们能找到什么就吃什么｡
You can take whatever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么吧｡
whatever还可作连接形容词,意为“无论什么样的”｡应当注意,此时的whatever必须同其被修饰的词一起放在从句前引导从句｡例如:
I can do whatever work I can find. 我可以做我能找到的任何工作｡
Whatever difficulties we meet, we can work them out. 无论遇到什么困难,我们都能解决它们｡
【辨析】 whatever; whichever
这两个词的意思不同,whatever意为“无论什么;凡是……的事物”;whichever意为“无论哪个;无论哪些”｡此外,whichever后也可以接一个名词｡例如:
You should wear whichever dress suits you best. 哪件衣服最适合你穿,你就应该穿哪件｡
I’ll do whatever you ask me to do. 你叫我做什么,我就做什么｡
whatever与no matter what的区别:
no matter what 只能引导状语从句,但whatever既可引导状语从句,还可引导名词性从句｡例如:
Don’t trust him, no matter what he says. 无论他说什么,都不要相信｡
We will be grateful for whatever amount you can afford.你买得起多少,我们都欢迎｡
Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.无论你去到哪里,无论你做什么,我都会在这儿等着你｡
7. defeat
【用法】 用作及物动词,意为“击败;战胜”｡例如:
Our team has defeated our opponents?选 我们队击败了对手｡
It was lack of money, not of effort, that defeated their plan. 他们的计划受挫,原因是缺少钱,而不是没有尽力｡
【注意】 表示“击败某人;战胜某人”通常用 defeat sb.,而不用 win sb.,但表示“赢得某事;在……方面赢”可用win sth.｡
用作名词,意为“失败;败北”｡例如:
He returned to his home country in 1945 after the defeat of Japan.打败日本后他于1945年回到家乡｡
还可用作不及物动词,意为“失败”｡例如:
No matter what they do, they are doomed to defeat.不管他们做什么,他们注定要失败｡
8. succeed
【用法】 用作动词,意为“to accomplish something desired or intended成功;完成”,常与in连用｡例如:
His business has succeeded, and is making a lot of money.他的生意很成功,赚了很多钱｡
He succeeded in the examination. 他考试及格了｡
The astronauts succeeded in returning to the earth from the moon according to the plan.宇航员们按计划成功地从月球上返回到了地球｡
二､ 短语突破
1. stay in touch with 和某人保持联系例如:
I still stay in touch with my old friends. 我依然与老友们保持联系｡
【拓展】 lose touch with ... 与……失去联系;be out of touch with 与……失去联系;be in touch with与……有联系;keep in touch with 和某人保持联系;get in touch with 与……取得联系
2. in case假使; 以防 (万一); 免得(可引导一个条件状语从句或目的状语从句｡)例如:
Take an umbrella with you in case it rains.带把雨伞去,以防下雨｡
In case he comes, let me know.如果他来了,告诉我一声｡
You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains. 天可能会下雨,你最好拿把雨伞,以防万一｡
3. according to根据;按照;取决于;视……而定例如:
According to my watch it is 10 o’clock.
按我的表现在是10点钟｡
We should observe a meter and act according to the readings we take. 我们应当先观察仪表,并根据显示的读数进行操作｡
4. take over接管;接替;继承例如:
What is good and still useful should be taken over. 好的仍有用的东西应当继承｡
Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over his job.我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接管他的工作｡
5. break down坏了;拆散;(机器)损坏例如:
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质｡
The peace talks are said to have broken down.据说和谈破裂了｡
The bridge broke down.桥塌了｡
The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了｡
三､ 句式解析
1. I’m on the bus, I should be home in about ten minutes. 我正在公共汽车上,10 分钟后应该能到家｡
should 在本句中用来表示一种可能性,相当于 will probably,一般用于对事实的一种比较有把握的判断｡ 例如:
—When will I take my photos? 我什么时候取照片?
—It should be ready at 12 o’clock. 12点钟时能搞好｡
The plane should be late for at least half an hour in such bad weather. 在这样糟的天气里,飞机可能会迟到至少半个小时｡
2.The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是:无论我们在何处或正在做什么,我们都需要和朋友以及家人一直保持联系｡
句中的seem为连系动词,意为“似乎;好像;看起来”,其用法及搭配有:
1. seem(to be)+名词｡例如:
Mary seems a very clever girl. 玛丽看上去是一个非常聪明的女孩｡
The young man seems to be a new teacher. 这个年轻人看上去像一位新老师｡
2. seem(to be)+形容词或分词｡例如:
Mr Smith seemed to be quite happy. 史密斯先生好像十分快乐｡
This small town seems changing a little. 这个小城镇似乎有点儿变化｡
The enemy towards the town seemed checked.敌人向这座城市的进军似乎已被阻止｡
3. seem+不定式｡不定式有时须用进行时或完成时｡例如:
Mrs Black doesn’t seem(或seems not) to like the idea. 布莱克夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意｡
The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西｡
The young girl seemed to have changed much. 这个年轻女孩看来变化很大｡
4. seem + 介词短语｡例如:
It seems like years since I last saw you.从上次跟你见面后,好像有好多年没有见到你了｡
Her parents seem in good health. 她的父母看上去很健康｡
5. It seems that ... 意为“看起来;似乎”｡例如:
It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.(也可说No one seems to know what has happened in the park.) 似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事｡
It seems to me that Mr. White will not come again. 依我看,怀特先生不会再来了｡
6. There seems(to be) ... 意为“似乎有……”｡例如:
There seems (to be) no need to wait. 看来无须再等了｡
7. It seems as if ... 意为“看起来像(仿佛)……”｡从句中常用虚拟语气｡例如:
It seems as if they had never seen each other before.他们似乎以前从未见过面｡
注意: seem和look均可表示“看起来;好像”,但意思略有差别:seem指说话人的主观判断;look则指从外表上看给说话人的印象｡例如:
Jack seems like his father. 杰克似乎像他父母｡(说话人的一种主观判断)
Jack looks like his father. 杰克看起来像他父亲｡(指杰克的长相让人看起来像)
1. agreement
【用法】 用作不可数名词,意为“同意;意见一致;协调;相合”｡例如:
We are in agreement with their decision. 我们同意他们的决定｡
There is little agreement about what to do. 对于应该做什么,大家几乎没有一致的意见｡
还可用作不可数名词,意为“契约;协议”｡例如:
You have broken our agreement by not doing the work you promised. 由于你没有做你答应做的工作,你已破坏了我们之间的协议｡
【搭配】 be in agreement with sth. 同意某事be in agreement with what sb. says. 同意某人所说的 be in agreement on / about / upon sth. 对某事意见一致 come to / arrive at / make an agreement with ... 与……达成协议
2. depend
【用法】 用作不及物动词,意为“依靠;信赖”,常与on或upon 连用｡例如:
All living things depend on the sun for their growth. 万物生长靠太阳｡
We can depend on his arriving here on time. 我们可以相信他会准时到来｡
That depends on how you deal with the problem. 这要看你如何处理那个问题了｡
【搭配】 depend upon it(口语)毫无疑问(常置于句前或句后当插入语)That depends.或It all depends.(口语)要看情况而定｡
3. press
【用法】 用作动词,意为“压;按;推”vi, vt. (push sth. strongly; push steadily against ...)
The children were pressing something with a stone. 孩子们在用石头压着某个东西｡
Just press this button, and you’ll start the engine.只要按一下这个按钮你便可启动这台发动机了｡
press用作动词,还可表示“熨;熨平”,相当于iron｡例如:
My wife was pressing a shirt when the telephone rang. 电话铃响时,我太太正在熨一件衬衫｡
I’ve pressed your trousers with the iron. 我用熨斗熨了你的裤子｡
用作名词,意为“印刷;出版社;(与 the 连用)新闻界;报纸杂志”｡例如:
The book is in press. 书在印刷中｡
This book will be published by Oxford University Press. 这本书将由牛津大学出版社出版｡
They held a strike last week for the freedom of the press. 他们上星期为了争取出版自由的权利而举行一次罢工｡
4. throughout
【用法】 用作介词,意为“遍及;贯穿”,用来引出时间及地点｡例如:
He is famous throughout the world. 他闻名于全世界｡
It rained throughout the night. 雨下了一整夜｡
用作副词,意为“到处;彻头彻尾”｡例如:
The building is painted green throughout. 这座建筑全部漆成了绿色｡
The timber is rotten throughout. 这块木料已整个腐烂了｡
5. remind
【用法】 用作动词,意为“to cause to remember; put in mind使想起;使记起;提醒”｡例如:
Please remind me to leave her this note.请提醒我留给她这张纸条｡
Please remind me that I must call her up before nine.请提醒我九点前给她打个电话｡
【搭配】 remind sb. of / about sb.(sth.) 使某人想起某人/某事;remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事;remind sb. that?鄄clause提醒某人某事/使某人想起某事｡例如:
Remind me to write to Mother. 提醒我给妈妈写信｡
This reminds me of her. 这使我想起了她｡
The film reminded him of what he had seen in China. 这部影片使他回想起他在中国所看到的一切｡
6. whatever
【用法】 whatever作连接代词,意为“无论什么;不管什么”,连接宾语从句､主语从句｡例如:
They eat whatever they can find.他们能找到什么就吃什么｡
You can take whatever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么吧｡
whatever还可作连接形容词,意为“无论什么样的”｡应当注意,此时的whatever必须同其被修饰的词一起放在从句前引导从句｡例如:
I can do whatever work I can find. 我可以做我能找到的任何工作｡
Whatever difficulties we meet, we can work them out. 无论遇到什么困难,我们都能解决它们｡
【辨析】 whatever; whichever
这两个词的意思不同,whatever意为“无论什么;凡是……的事物”;whichever意为“无论哪个;无论哪些”｡此外,whichever后也可以接一个名词｡例如:
You should wear whichever dress suits you best. 哪件衣服最适合你穿,你就应该穿哪件｡
I’ll do whatever you ask me to do. 你叫我做什么,我就做什么｡
whatever与no matter what的区别:
no matter what 只能引导状语从句,但whatever既可引导状语从句,还可引导名词性从句｡例如:
Don’t trust him, no matter what he says. 无论他说什么,都不要相信｡
We will be grateful for whatever amount you can afford.你买得起多少,我们都欢迎｡
Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.无论你去到哪里,无论你做什么,我都会在这儿等着你｡
7. defeat
【用法】 用作及物动词,意为“击败;战胜”｡例如:
Our team has defeated our opponents?选 我们队击败了对手｡
It was lack of money, not of effort, that defeated their plan. 他们的计划受挫,原因是缺少钱,而不是没有尽力｡
【注意】 表示“击败某人;战胜某人”通常用 defeat sb.,而不用 win sb.,但表示“赢得某事;在……方面赢”可用win sth.｡
用作名词,意为“失败;败北”｡例如:
He returned to his home country in 1945 after the defeat of Japan.打败日本后他于1945年回到家乡｡
还可用作不及物动词,意为“失败”｡例如:
No matter what they do, they are doomed to defeat.不管他们做什么,他们注定要失败｡
8. succeed
【用法】 用作动词,意为“to accomplish something desired or intended成功;完成”,常与in连用｡例如:
His business has succeeded, and is making a lot of money.他的生意很成功,赚了很多钱｡
He succeeded in the examination. 他考试及格了｡
The astronauts succeeded in returning to the earth from the moon according to the plan.宇航员们按计划成功地从月球上返回到了地球｡
二､ 短语突破
1. stay in touch with 和某人保持联系例如:
I still stay in touch with my old friends. 我依然与老友们保持联系｡
【拓展】 lose touch with ... 与……失去联系;be out of touch with 与……失去联系;be in touch with与……有联系;keep in touch with 和某人保持联系;get in touch with 与……取得联系
2. in case假使; 以防 (万一); 免得(可引导一个条件状语从句或目的状语从句｡)例如:
Take an umbrella with you in case it rains.带把雨伞去,以防下雨｡
In case he comes, let me know.如果他来了,告诉我一声｡
You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains. 天可能会下雨,你最好拿把雨伞,以防万一｡
3. according to根据;按照;取决于;视……而定例如:
According to my watch it is 10 o’clock.
按我的表现在是10点钟｡
We should observe a meter and act according to the readings we take. 我们应当先观察仪表,并根据显示的读数进行操作｡
4. take over接管;接替;继承例如:
What is good and still useful should be taken over. 好的仍有用的东西应当继承｡
Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over his job.我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接管他的工作｡
5. break down坏了;拆散;(机器)损坏例如:
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质｡
The peace talks are said to have broken down.据说和谈破裂了｡
The bridge broke down.桥塌了｡
The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了｡
三､ 句式解析
1. I’m on the bus, I should be home in about ten minutes. 我正在公共汽车上,10 分钟后应该能到家｡
should 在本句中用来表示一种可能性,相当于 will probably,一般用于对事实的一种比较有把握的判断｡ 例如:
—When will I take my photos? 我什么时候取照片?
—It should be ready at 12 o’clock. 12点钟时能搞好｡
The plane should be late for at least half an hour in such bad weather. 在这样糟的天气里,飞机可能会迟到至少半个小时｡
2.The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是:无论我们在何处或正在做什么,我们都需要和朋友以及家人一直保持联系｡
句中的seem为连系动词,意为“似乎;好像;看起来”,其用法及搭配有:
1. seem(to be)+名词｡例如:
Mary seems a very clever girl. 玛丽看上去是一个非常聪明的女孩｡
The young man seems to be a new teacher. 这个年轻人看上去像一位新老师｡
2. seem(to be)+形容词或分词｡例如:
Mr Smith seemed to be quite happy. 史密斯先生好像十分快乐｡
This small town seems changing a little. 这个小城镇似乎有点儿变化｡
The enemy towards the town seemed checked.敌人向这座城市的进军似乎已被阻止｡
3. seem+不定式｡不定式有时须用进行时或完成时｡例如:
Mrs Black doesn’t seem(或seems not) to like the idea. 布莱克夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意｡
The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西｡
The young girl seemed to have changed much. 这个年轻女孩看来变化很大｡
4. seem + 介词短语｡例如:
It seems like years since I last saw you.从上次跟你见面后,好像有好多年没有见到你了｡
Her parents seem in good health. 她的父母看上去很健康｡
5. It seems that ... 意为“看起来;似乎”｡例如:
It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.(也可说No one seems to know what has happened in the park.) 似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事｡
It seems to me that Mr. White will not come again. 依我看,怀特先生不会再来了｡
6. There seems(to be) ... 意为“似乎有……”｡例如:
There seems (to be) no need to wait. 看来无须再等了｡
7. It seems as if ... 意为“看起来像(仿佛)……”｡从句中常用虚拟语气｡例如:
It seems as if they had never seen each other before.他们似乎以前从未见过面｡
注意: seem和look均可表示“看起来;好像”,但意思略有差别:seem指说话人的主观判断;look则指从外表上看给说话人的印象｡例如:
Jack seems like his father. 杰克似乎像他父母｡(说话人的一种主观判断)
Jack looks like his father. 杰克看起来像他父亲｡(指杰克的长相让人看起来像)