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19世纪末20世纪初,进入帝国主义时期的日本和俄国,都积极推行对外扩张政策。当时,中国是帝国主义列强掠夺瓜分的主要对象之一。甲午战争后,一心想独吞中国东北的沙俄,一面拉拢德、法,“逼日还辽(辽东半岛)”,一面攫取在中国东北修筑中东铁路的特权,强行租借旅顺和大连,并乘八国联军入侵中国之机,独霸整个东北三省(邮政明信片,图1)。沙俄的扩张野心,使其与垂涎中国领土的日本之间的矛盾日益尖锐。
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Japan and Russia, which entered the era of imperialism, all actively promoted the policy of foreign expansion. At that time, China was one of the main targets looted by the imperialist powers. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, he bent on annexing Tsarist Russia in northeast China and pushed Germany and France together and “forcing Japan and the Hsia Riau (Liaodong Peninsula)” to grab the prerogatives of building the Middle East Railway in northeast China and forcibly lease Lushun and Dalian and take the Eight-Power Allied Forces Invasion of China’s machine, dominate the entire three northeastern provinces (postcards, Figure 1). Russia’s ambitions for expansion have become more and more sharply contradicted with Japan, which covets China’s territory.