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《石灰吟》的作者于谦(1398——1457),钱塘(今浙江省杭州市)人。明朝爱国将领。这是《语文》初中第三册的注释,语不甚详。史述:明英宗朱祁镇正统治时(1439——1449)社会矛盾日趋尖锐。赋税加重,徭役频繁,富贫两极分化。“土木之变”后,英宗被俘,于谦升任兵部尚书,拥立景帝,反对南迁,并调集军队,守卫北京,击退了瓦刺军侵扰,战功卓著。后来,徐有贞、石亨等发动“夺门之变”,拥英宗复位,于谦在朱明皇室内兄弟争位夺权的倾轧中,被害身死。
Author Yu Qian (1398 - 1457) of Lime House, Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province). Ming patriotic generals. This is annotated in the third volume of Junior High School. Shi Shu: Mingyin Zong Zhu Zhengzheng was ruled (1439 - 1449) social contradictions are becoming increasingly acute. Increased taxation, frequent military service, and poverty-stricken polarization. After the “Civil Change,” Yingzong was taken prisoner and Yu Qiang was promoted to the Military Ministry of the Book of Ministers, he supported Lijing Emperor, opposed the South Qiang Movement, and mobilized troops to guard Beijing and repel the invading Wisdom Army. Later, Xu Youzhen and Shi Heng launched the “Change of the Gates,” and the Emperor Yingzong was reset. Yu Qian was killed in Zhu Minghuang’s diversion of power in the brothers’ position.