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提出一种盖板式冲缝型集热器,将吸热板设置成冲缝型,从而在不影响集热面积的同时增大了吸热板与空气间的对流传热系数;并采用数值模拟与实验验证相结合的方法对其热性能的影响因素进行研究。对比Matlab程序模拟值和实验值,两者基本吻合,空气出口温度的平均偏差为1.1℃,说明所建立的数学模型正确,可用来深入研究该集热器。研究结果表明,对于集热器结构尺寸和物理参数,冲缝当量直径对热效率和空气进出口温差的影响最大,其次是吸热板外表面发射率、盖板内表面发射率、盖板外表面发射率、平均冲缝间距和集热器高度;对于进口参数和环境条件,空气进口温度、环境温度和室外风速对热效率和空气进出口温差的影响均非常显著,而送风量和辐射强度对空气进出口温差影响显著。总体来看,若吸热板采用选择性涂层或盖板采用高透性低辐射玻璃,该集热器热效率较高,且与建筑一体化程度高,应在住宅建筑中大力推广。
A kind of cover-type stamping collector is proposed, in which the heat absorption plate is set to be of the punch type so as to increase the convection heat transfer coefficient between the heat absorption plate and the air without affecting the heat collecting area. The numerical value Simulation and experimental verification of a combination of methods to study the thermal properties of the factors. Comparing the simulated and experimental values of Matlab, the two are in good agreement with each other. The average temperature deviation of the air outlet is 1.1 ℃, which shows that the mathematical model established is correct and can be used to further study the collector. The results show that for collector structure size and physical parameters, the equivalent diameter of punch has the greatest effect on thermal efficiency and air inlet and outlet temperature difference, followed by the emissivity of the outer surface of the heat absorption plate, the emissivity of the inner surface of the cover, the outer surface of the cover Emissivity, average spacing between ramps and collector height. For inlet parameters and ambient conditions, the effects of air inlet temperature, ambient temperature and outdoor wind speed on thermal efficiency and temperature difference of air inlet and outlet are very significant. Air import and export temperature difference significantly. Overall, if the heat-absorbing plate with selective coating or cover with high permeability low-E glass, the thermal efficiency of the collector, and a high degree of integration with the building, should be vigorously promoted in residential buildings.