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近年来,“主体”概念越来越多地运用于各学科领域。但在哲学领域和经济学领域其内涵是不同的。一、“主体”概念的基本含义“主体”概念有两种基本含义。第一,主体是指思想(思维)的依附者、承载者,行为(动作)的发出者、实施者。很明显,这个“主体”指的是人(个体的人或集体的人)。只有人才有担当主体的资格,除此之外都不能作为主体。人的思维可以反映、认识自身以外的客观世界,人是认识的主体;人的行为可以作用、改造自身以外的客观世界,人是实践的主体。第二,主体是指事物的主要部分。如工人、农民、知识分子是人民群众的主体,公有制是社会主义所有制结构的主体等。
In recent years, the concept of “subject” has been applied more and more to all disciplines. But its connotation is different in the field of philosophy and economics. First, the basic meaning of “subject ” concept “subject ” concept has two basic meanings. First, the subject refers to the thinking of (thinking) dependents, bearer, the act (action) of the issuer, the implementer. Obviously, this “subject” refers to people (individuals or groups of people). Only qualified personnel have the role of the subject, but otherwise can not be the subject. People's thinking can reflect and recognize the objective world beyond themselves, and people are the main body of cognition. People's actions can play an active role in transforming the objective world beyond their own. People are the main body of practice. Second, the subject refers to the main part of things. Such as workers, peasants, intellectuals are the main body of the people, public ownership is the mainstay of socialist ownership structure.