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[目的]探讨腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位症剔除术后患者妊娠率并分析其影响因素.[方法]选取2007年9月至2016年6月在本院妇科腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术的患者145例.根据患者卵巢子宫内膜异位病灶部位分为单侧组及双侧组,单侧组91例,双侧组54例.比较两组患者手术前、术后24h及术后半年的促卵泡生成素(FSH)、雌二醇(E2)水平及患者的妊娠率,并探讨妊娠的影响因素.[结果]单侧组术后24h、术后半年FSH、E2水平与术前比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);双侧组术后24hFSH水平较术前明显上升,且明显高于单侧组,E2水平较术前明显下降,且明显低于单侧组,其差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),术后半年FSH、E2水平恢复至术前水平.单侧组总妊娠率为56.04%(51/91),明显高于双侧组33.33%(18/54),其差异有统计学意义(P0.05);in the bilateral group,the FSH level of 24 h after surgery was significantly higher than that before surgery,and was significantly higher than that of the unilateral group.The level of E2 was significantly lower than that before operation,and significantly lower than that of unilateral group,and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).The level of FSH and E2returned to the preoperative level after half a year.The total pregnancy rate of unilateral group was 56.04%(51/91),which was significant-ly higher than that of the bilateral group 33.33%(18/54),the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05);Pregnancy was associated with age and the factor whether ovarian endometriosis cysts were bilateral or unilateral,and was not related with Deep infiltrative endometriosis,peritoneal endometriosis,adenomyosis and cyst size.[Conclusion]The rate of pregnancy in patients with endometriosis is higher in unilateral than in bilateral patients.Pregnancy is associated with age and the factor whether ovarian endometriosis cysts are bilat-eral or unilateral.