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目的:分析草豆蔻的挥发性成分。方法:分别采用水蒸气蒸馏法、顶空进样法以及超临界CO2萃取法提取草豆蔻中的挥发性成分,采用气相色谱-质谱技术(GC-MS)结合Kovat’s保留指数进行检测分析。结果:水蒸气蒸馏法和顶空进样法检测到草豆蔻挥发性成分主要为萜类化合物,而超临界CO2萃取物中挥发性成分主要为烯类、醇类及芳香类化合物。结论:不同的样品前处理方法分别侧重于药材中不同类型的挥发性成分;利用GC-MS分析技术并结合Kovat’s保留指数进行定性分析更准确、快速。
Objective: To analyze the volatile components of cardamom. Methods: Volatile constituents in Chinese nutmeg were extracted by steam distillation, headspace sampling and supercritical CO2 extraction, respectively. The volatile components were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Kovat’s retention index. Results: Volatile components of Myrica oleracea were mainly terpenoids detected by steam distillation and headspace sampling. The volatile components of supercritical carbon dioxide extract were mainly alkenes, alcohols and aromatic compounds. CONCLUSIONS: Different sample preparation methods focus on different types of volatile components in medicinal materials, respectively. Qualitative analysis using GC-MS analysis combined with Kovat’s retention index is more accurate and rapid.