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防御素(defensins)为参与机体最初防御活动的小分子肽,是极为重要的一类内源性抗菌肽,具有广谱的抗微生物活性,能有效地杀灭病毒、细菌、真菌、螺旋体等,对肿瘤细胞也有细胞毒作用,在粘膜上皮广泛表达,是粘膜防御系统的重要介质,还可作为趋化因子连接天然免疫和获得性免疫。人体防御素主要以α-防御素、β-防御素两种为主,目前已经识别和分离出6种α-防御素和6种β-防御素。研究表明,hβD1具有广谱的抗菌活性。在体外hβD1在毫摩尔浓度下对革兰阳性菌、革兰阴性菌、真菌、螺旋体、
Defensins are small peptides that participate in the initial defensive activities of the body. They are extremely important endogenous antimicrobial peptides with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity that can effectively kill viruses, bacteria, fungi, spirochetes and the like. It also has cytotoxic effect on tumor cells and is widely expressed in the mucosal epithelium. It is an important mediator of the mucosal defense system and can also be used as a chemokine to connect innate and acquired immunity. Human defensins are mainly α-defensins and β-defensins. Currently, six kinds of α-defensins and six kinds of β-defensins have been identified and isolated. Studies have shown that hβD1 has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. In vitro hβD1 in millimolar concentrations of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, spirochetes,