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目的了解上海地区肺炎链球菌耐药情况,以指导合理应用抗生素。方法用微量肉汤稀释法对79株肺炎链球菌进行9种抗生素的MIC值测定。结果79株肺炎链球菌对青霉素总耐药率为44·3%,其中高水平耐药率为17·7%,低水平耐药率为26·6%。对头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、氯霉素、氧氟沙星的耐药率较低,分别为12·6%、7·6%、8·9%、3·8%,对红霉素、四环素、复方新诺明有较高的耐药率,分别为72·2%、83·5%、83·6%,未检出对万古霉素耐药的菌株。对非β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药模式以红霉素+四环素+复方新诺明为主。结论肺炎链球菌对除万古霉素以外抗生素均有不同的耐药,同时存在着交叉耐药现象。
Objective To understand the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Shanghai and to guide the rational use of antibiotics. Methods Ninety-seven antibiotics MICs of 79 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were determined by micro broth dilution method. Results The total resistance rate of 79 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin was 44.3%, among which 17.7% were high-level and 26.6% were low-level. The resistance rates to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol and ofloxacin were lower, which were 12.6%, 7.6%, 8.9% and 3.8% , Tetracycline and cotrimoxazole had higher resistance rate, 72.2%, 83.5% and 83.6% respectively. No strains resistant to vancomycin were detected. Resistance to non-β-lactam antibiotics erythromycin + tetracycline + cotrimoxazole-based. Conclusions Streptococcus pneumoniae has different resistance to antibiotics except vancomycin, meanwhile there is cross-resistance phenomenon.