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针对目前移栽机通用性差,造价高,不利于推广应用等问题,设计一种由输送带喂入钵体苗并输送钵苗的移栽机,重点设计一种开沟植苗器。该开沟植苗器集扶苗、导苗和开沟功能于一体,主要由扶苗板、导苗通道和改进的靴型开沟器组成。扶苗板由2块薄板组合而成,可根据钵苗大小调整扶苗板位置、角度及长度,使处于最佳扶苗状态,保证钵苗竖直进入导苗通道;开沟器开出横截面近似V型沟壑,有利于钵苗竖直下落至沟壑时立正扎稳。在温室内进行移栽甘蓝和玉米的试验,结果表明:前进速度为0.254m/s时,株距变异系数<25%,移栽直立度合格率>90%。该移栽机结构简单,移栽行距、株距可调节;对不同农作物钵苗具有一定的调节适应性。
Aiming at the problems such as low versatility, high cost and unfavorable application, the paper designs a transplanting machine that feeds the bowl seedling by the conveyor belt and transports the seedlings, focusing on the design of a trenching and planting device. The ditching plantarming set supporting seedlings, guide seedlings and ditching functions in one, mainly by the fusong board, guide Miao channel and improved boots opener composition. Deformation board by 2 thin plate combination can be adjusted according to the size of seedlings seedlings plank board position, angle and length, so that the best in the state to help seedlings, to ensure the vertical seedlings into the guide Miao channel; opener out of the horizontal Section approximate V-shaped gully, is conducive to vertical fall when the bowl seedlings stand firmly against the gully. The experiment of transplanting cabbage and corn in greenhouse showed that when the advancing speed was 0.254m / s, the coefficient of variation of plant spacing was less than 25% and the passability of transplanting was more than 90%. The transplanter has the advantages of simple structure, transplanting row spacing and spacing adjustable, and adaptability to different crop pot seedlings.