历代统治者都要在思想文化领域实行文化强权 ,以整齐人心 ,消弭个性。西汉独尊儒术以后 ,儒学具有了文化强权的地位 ,其要旨是存天理灭人欲。这一点为宋理学家继承并得到了更明确充分的阐发。理学至宋末、元、明成为官定学术 ,也具有了文化强权的地位。李贽是明代反文化强权的最杰出的思想家 ,其主要武器是自然人性论。这在《童心说》中得到了集中的表现。主“童心”必反“假人”。李贽对假道学的抨击和揭露具有重要社会意义 All the rulers of the past dynasties must exercise their cultural power in the field of ideology and culture so as to keep people’s hearts and eliminate their individualities. Since the Western Han dynasty alone Confucianism, Confucianism has the status of cultural power, its essence is to save the natural desires. This is inherited by the Song Neo-Confucianists and has been more clearly and fully elucidated. Neo-Confucianism to the end of the Song Dynasty, Yuan, Ming became official academic, but also has the status of cultural power. Li Xun is the most outstanding thinker in the anti-cultural power of the Ming Dynasty. His main weapon is the theory of natural humanity. This has been concentrated in Childlike Innocence. The main “innocence” will be anti “dummy.” Li Kui’s criticism and revelation of the Taoist school is of great social significance