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市场经济体制改革以来,民政部门一直在探索社会福利社会化的方法,试图改变政府包办社会福利和企业办社会的传统格局,从而形成政府与社会组织或个人共同营办社会福利服务的局面。然而,经过20多年的改革实践,社会福利社会化依然困境重重,一些民办福利机构只是在勉强度日,甚至在困境中消失。本文认为促进社会福利社会化不但需要从政策环境和社会环境上积极培育民间组织、培养企业和公民的社会责任意识,也要借鉴学习西方国家的“购买服务”经验。
Since the reform of the market economy system, the civil affairs departments have been exploring ways of socializing social welfare and trying to change the government’s traditional pattern of social welfare and enterprises running the society, thus forming a situation in which the government and social organizations or individuals jointly run social welfare services. However, after more than 20 years of reform and implementation, the socialization of social welfare is still in a dilemma. Some private welfare agencies just managed to survive or even disappear in a difficult situation. This paper argues that to promote the socialization of social welfare, we not only need to actively cultivate non-governmental organizations from the policy environment and social environment, cultivate the awareness of social responsibility of enterprises and citizens, but also learn from the experiences of western countries in purchasing services.