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目的探讨儿童青少年首发精神分裂症患者认知损害的特点。方法选取37例儿童青少年首发精神分裂症的患者(研究组)和23名健康儿童青少年(对照组),共治疗8周。采用韦氏成人/儿童智力测验(WAIS/WISC)、MATRICS共识认知成套测验(MCCB)为评价工具分析儿童青少年首发精神分裂症患者认知功能损害的特点,用阳性和阴性综合征量表(PANSS)、临床总体印象量表(CGI)对病情及治疗进行评估,比较治疗前后其认知功能变化情况。结果研究组治疗前WAIS/WISC总分和MCCB总分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组治疗后第4周末仅WAIS/WISC智测的图片排列量表分较治疗前升高(P<0.05),研究组治疗后第8周末WAIS/WISC的知识、图片排列分测验较治疗前升高(P<0.05)。研究组治疗后第8周末MCCB中的空间广度、言语流畅性、情绪管理能力分测验和总分均较治疗前升高(P<0.05)。结论儿童青少年首发精神分裂症患者在认知功能方面存在一定损害,经治疗后其认知功能有所改善。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of cognitive impairment in first-episode schizophrenia in children and adolescents. Methods A total of 37 children and adolescents with first episode of schizophrenia (study group) and 23 healthy children and adolescents (control group) were enrolled and were treated for 8 weeks. The characteristics of cognitive impairment in children and adolescents with first episode schizophrenia were analyzed by WAIS / WISC and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Completeness Test (MCCB). Positive and negative Syndrome Scale PANSS), clinical overall impression scale (CGI) to evaluate the condition and treatment, and compare the changes of cognitive function before and after treatment. Results The total scores of WAIS / WISC and MCCB in study group before treatment were lower than those in control group (P <0.05). At the end of the 4th week after treatment, only the WAIS / WISC group was significantly higher than that before treatment (P <0.05). At the end of the 8th week, the WAIS / WISC knowledge, Increased (P <0.05). The spatial breadth, verbal fluency, and emotional management ability scores of the study group at the end of the 8th week after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (P <0.05). Conclusion Children and adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia have some impairment in cognitive function, and their cognitive function has been improved after treatment.