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对李嘉图相对优势理论的检验是指从经验上研究相对技术差异对贸易结构的影响有多大。Costinot、Donaldson和Komunjer开创性地建立了具有坚实理论基础的计量检验模型,并对李嘉图理论进行了经验验证。文章旨在拓展Costinot、Donaldson和Komunjer的研究样本,将发展中新兴大国加入进去,并增加产业种类,重新研究相对技术差异对贸易结构的影响程度。研究结果表明,相对技术差异对贸易结构具有重要的影响作用,但其正向影响要小于已有文献的估计,甚至出现了抑制贸易结构的情形。
The examination of Ricardo’s comparative advantage theory refers to empirically studying how the relative technological differences affect the trade structure. Costinot, Donaldson, and Komunjer pioneered the establishment of an econometric model with solid theoretical foundations, and empirically verified Ricardo’s theory. The article aims to expand the research samples of Costinot, Donaldson, and Komunjer, join emerging developing countries, and increase the types of industries, and re-examine the impact of relative technological differences on the trade structure. The research results show that relative technological differences have an important influence on the trade structure, but its positive impact is smaller than the existing literature estimates, and even the suppression of trade structure has emerged.