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针对一种液环真空泵转轴的断裂失效进行了分析。该轴除了径向断裂外还存在轴向裂纹。对径向断口的宏观和微观分析均显示了疲劳损伤的特征,强度校核也表明该轴的疲劳安全系数过低,存在疲劳断裂的风险。对轴向裂纹的金相检测排除了淬火裂纹的可能,微观分析显示过载裂纹的特征,分析表明径向裂纹破坏了轴的结构完整性,加剧了应力集中,从而导致了轴向过载裂纹。根据分析结果,从材质和热处理方面提出了改进措施。
The fracture failure of a liquid ring vacuum pump shaft was analyzed. In addition to the shaft radial rupture in addition there are axial cracks. The macroscopical and microscopic analysis of the radial fracture shows the characteristics of fatigue damage. The strength check also shows that the fatigue safety factor of the shaft is too low, and the risk of fatigue fracture exists. Metallographic examination of axial cracks ruled out the possibility of quench cracking. The microscopic analysis shows the characteristics of overload cracks. Analysis shows that radial cracks destroy the structural integrity of the shaft and increase the stress concentration, resulting in axial overload cracks. According to the results of the analysis, improvement measures are proposed from the aspects of material and heat treatment.