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人民公社体制废除以后 ,农村基层管理体制的基本模式为“乡政村治”。近 2 0年来 ,伴随农村微观经济体制的改革 ,村治发生了重大变迁 ,特别是村民自治的制度框架已基本建立 ,由此构成乡村管理第一次制度创新的主要成果。但是 ,作为国家政权基础部分的乡政却没有发生相应的变革 ,从而严重制约了村民自治的发展和乡村的有效治理。为此 ,乡村管理必须进行第二次制度创新 ,其重点就是改革和创新乡政
After the system of people’s communes was abolished, the basic model of the rural grass-roots management system was “governance of villages and townships”. In the recent 20 years, along with the reform of the rural micro-economic system, the village governance has undergone major changes. In particular, the institutional framework for villager autonomy has been basically established, which constitutes the major achievement of the first institutional innovation in rural management. However, the township government as the basic part of the state power has not undergone the corresponding changes, which severely restricted the development of the villager autonomy and the effective governance in the villages. To this end, rural management must be the second institutional innovation, the focus is to reform and innovation township government