多目标线性规划的目标函数中应该包括哪些偏差变量?同级目标函数中怎样用系数表示偏差变量的不同重要程度?下面对这些问题进行探讨。 在现有文献中,确定目标函数中偏差变量的一般思路有以下三点: 1.如果要求尽量准确地实现目标的给定值,则希望正、负偏差变量同时趋于最小。因此,应该把正、负偏差变量同时计入目标函数。 2.如果允许超过目标的给定值而尽量避免达不到,则希望负偏差变量趋于极小。因此, Which deviation variables should be included in the objective function of a multi-objective linear programming? How to represent the different degrees of variation variables in the same-level objective function? The following questions are discussed. In the existing literature, the general idea of ​​determining the deviation variable in the objective function has the following three points: 1. If it is required to achieve the target setpoint as accurately as possible, then it is expected that the positive and negative deviation variables tend to be minimized at the same time. Therefore, positive and negative deviation variables should be included in the objective function at the same time. 2. If it is allowed to exceed the target’s given value and try to avoid it, then we hope the negative deviation variable tends to be very small. therefore,