参考文献是学术论著的重要组成部分,它标示出被引理论、观点、方法、数据的来源,体现了科研的继承性和连续性~([1])。目前,学术绩效及期刊影响力的评估和认定都更依赖于引文分析;但是,由于参考文献引证目的、作用以及引证动机和行为本身的复杂性,要做到科学、合理、规范地引用并非易事。学术论著中的一些不相关引用、过度引用、错误引用、自我标榜式引用以及引用的信息滞后等,都是一种“无效引用”~([2-3])。笔 References are an important part of the academic treatise, which indicates the sources of cited theories, opinions, methods, and data, which reflect the succession and continuity of scientific research. [1] At present, the academic performance and journals influence assessment and identification are more dependent on the citation analysis; However, due to the purpose and role of citing references and citation motivation and the complexity of the behavior itself, it is not scientifically, reasonably and normatively cited thing. Some irrelevant references, over-references, false references, self-advertised references, and citation-based information lags in academic treatises are all “invalid references” ~ ([2-3]). pen